Notes about Babbage

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Babbage

            Mathematician, Engineer, Politician, Professor, Writer, Inventor, Cryptographer, Expert on Industry, Socialite.

Preface:  Tables of mathematical functions extremely important, especially in Navigation, to engineers and governments. (Trig, Logs, Powers etc).  Manual methods, handwritten and set in type - laborious, error prone.

            'Constant differences' used to create these tables. (Explain)

1813-1814 as a student at Cambridge he thought of the idea.

 

Difference Engine:

1823 - Received a grant of 1000 pounds from British Govt based upon his description that was sent to the Royal Society of London which reached the Lords of the Treasury.  He hired a mechanical engineer and started work.  He and the engineer had to redesign machine tools to achieve the degree of accuracy of machining the parts that were needed.  Planned to print directly to metal plates.

1830 - More money advanced.

1832 - Small section of the engine completed.  24" x 19" x 14"

1834 - Problems with the engineer, all work ceased.

            23,000 pounds spent: 17,000 Govt, 6,000 personal.

1842 - Officially canceled.  If completed it was planned to be 2 tons;      10 ft x 10 ft x 5 ft.

 

Analytic Engine:

1837ff Babbage drew plans for an all purpose engine to do general problems more than just make tables.  This would be similar to what we have in computers today, would use punch cards for programming.  The difference engine was only a calculator, not programmed.  Actual experimental construction occurred after his death by his son.

Incorporated the essential concepts of modern day programmed computers,

            Sequence

            Selection - Compare and branch

            Loops

            Stored program ?  The punch cards kept the programs

Machine tools still not sophisticated enough.  1940, IBM engineers used his plans and constructed a working model.